光伏电站对送出输电线路选相元件的影响研究

通过某地区电网分析了光伏电站对送出输电线路相电流差突变量选相元件和序分量选相元件的影响。光伏电站的容量相对于系统容量很小,在送出主变中性点接地的系统中,当送出输电线路发生接地故障时,光伏电站侧零序等值阻抗远小于其正、负序等值阻抗,故障电流主要成分为零序电流,因而三相故障电流幅值、相位相近,致使选相元件误选相。以某地区光伏电站并网为例,在PSCAD/EMTDC中分别搭建了基于相电流差突变量和基于序分量的选相元件的仿真模型,并对两种选相元件进行测试。仿真结果表明两种选相元件的动作性能均受到严重影响。     

模块化多电平换流器MMC的环流抑制技术综述

模块化多电平换流器(MMC)的结构特点带来了内部环流问题,这将直接影响MMC的系统损耗和内部运行特性。最近几年中,关于MMC环流问题的研究取得了重大进展。首先概述了MMC环流理论分析的进展,在讨论相应的环流控制面临的挑战基础上,综述了前沿的环流抑制技术和发展趋势,并就未来研究方向进行了探讨。     

基于Flash平台化工仿真实训动画设计

目前,随着信息化教学的稳步推进,计算机多媒体技术及交互式动画技术的不断发展,采用计算机来制作模拟实验在教学中的应用越来越广泛。通过一化工类课程实训单元操作实例,以Flash平台为依托,简单而巧妙地解决了实训操作过程中的顺序控制和交互控制等难题,其设计思想和方法可供其它如机械、仪表、电器类专业实训、组装等仿真模拟设计与实现借鉴和参考。     

Significant Roles of Regulatory T Cells and Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells in Hepatitis B Virus Persistent Infection and Hepatitis B Virus-Related HCCs

The adaptive immune system, including type1 helper T cells (Th1 cells), cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), and dendritic cells (DCs), plays an important role in the control of hepatitis B virus (HBV). On the other hand, regulatory T cells (Tregs) and myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) suppress the immune reaction in HBV and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Excessive activation of immune suppressive cells could contribute to the persistent infection of HBV and the progression of HCC. The frequency and/or function of Tregs could affect the natural course in chronic hepatitis B patients and the treatment response. In addition to the suppressive function of MDSCs, MDSCs could affect the induction and function of Tregs. Therefore, we should understand in detail the mechanism by which Tregs and MDSCs are induced to control HBV persistent infection and HBV-related HCC. Immune suppressive cells, including Tregs and MDSCs, contribute to the difficulty in inducing an effective immune response for HBV persistent infection and HBV-related HCC. In this review, we focus on the Tregs and MDSCs that could be potential targets for immune therapy of chronic hepatitis B and HBV-related HCC.     

Sequence Features of Drosha and Dicer Cleavage Sites Affect the Complexity of IsomiRs

The deep-sequencing of small RNAs has revealed that different numbers and proportions of miRNA variants called isomiRs are formed from single miRNA genes and that this effect is attributable mainly to imprecise cleavage by Drosha and Dicer. Factors that influence the degree of cleavage precision of Drosha and Dicer are under investigation, and their identification may improve our understanding of the mechanisms by which cells modulate the regulatory potential of miRNAs. In this study, we focused on the sequences and structural determinants of Drosha and Dicer cleavage sites, which may explain the generation of homogeneous miRNAs (in which a single isomiR strongly predominates) as well as the generation of heterogeneous miRNAs. Using deep-sequencing data for small RNAs, we demonstrate that the generation of homogeneous miRNAs requires more sequence constraints at the cleavage sites than the formation of heterogeneous miRNAs. Additionally, our results indicate that specific Drosha cleavage sites have more sequence determinants in miRNA precursors than specific cleavage sites for Dicer and that secondary structural motifs in the miRNA precursors influence the precision of Dicer cleavage. Together, we present the sequence and structural features of Drosha and Dicer cleavage sites that influence the heterogeneity of the released miRNAs.     

川南地区五峰组—龙马溪组页岩层序地层及其对储层的控制

随着四川盆地勘探程度的深入,页岩气藏已经成为勘探重点,有必要系统地开展页岩层序地层研究。在岩石地层、生物地层、年代地层研究的基础上,运用露头-钻井-地震、全球海平面变化曲线、地球化学、古生物等资料,在川南地区五峰组—龙马溪组页岩地层中识别出4个三级层序界面,划分了3个三级层序:SQ1相当于五峰组,沉积速率低(1.18~2.19 m/Ma);SQ2相当于龙马溪组下段及上段底部,沉积速率较低(约为15 m/Ma);SQ3相当于龙马溪组上段中上部,沉积速率较高(216.25~340 m/Ma)。建立了该区的层序地层格架。分析了层序对储层的控制作用,主要体现在黑色页岩层序SQ1—SQ2中相对海平面升降与页岩脆性指数呈负相关、与TOC及孔隙度呈正相关,渗透率高值多位于脆性段,渗透率低值多位于塑性段。灰色页岩层序SQ3以塑性段为主,孔、渗均低于SQ1、SQ2凝缩段,其相对海平面与有机质没有明显的相关性。相对海平面变化影响了优质页岩储层发育,SQ1、SQ2海侵期—海退早期为优质页岩储层发育期。综合本次研究成果,明确了层序地层对优质页岩储层的控制作用,对于在层序格架内预测优质页岩储层段具有指导意义。     

砂砾岩体精细划分与对比新探索

通过深入研究东营凹陷北带盐22块砂砾岩体,探索出一套利用常规测井资料可操作的基于沉积动力分析的对比方法。对比岩心及成像测井刻画的沉积剖面与常规测井曲线发现:在测井曲线整体平直的背景上,有2种岩相厚度发育较薄,测井响应明显:代表最大沉积动力的块状巨砾岩相具有高GR、低AC、低CNL的特征,是基准面下降到极低点的沉积响应;代表相对较小沉积动力的平行层理砂岩或砂泥互层相具有(中)高GR、高AC、高CNL的特征,是基准面上升到极高点的沉积响应。以常规测井易识别的岩相"段"代替不易识别的"面"在单井上划分沉积旋回(或基准面旋回);利用高分辨率层序地层学原理实现侧向对比,建立高精度等时层序地层格架。     

脉冲激光的非相干合成技术研究

为了实现高功率、高光束质量的激光输出,采用脉冲激光同步延时控制技术,将多束脉冲激光按时序合成一束脉冲激光,可用于产生大功率激光源。利用所设计的激光脉冲同步延时控制器,控制各个激光脉冲的时序,使按时序输出的多路激光脉冲依次通过光束合成装置,在空间合成为一束。在实验中将3束脉冲激光束合成,合成效率达到95.8%。结果表明,合束后的脉冲激光功率基本等于各束光相加的总和,同时保持了较好的光束质量。     

一种基于改进Logitic映射的跳频序列生成算法

在扩频序列生成算法中,针对周期抽取算法平衡性和比特重排算法稳定性的欠缺,基于改进的Logitic映射,结合采用比特抽取和扰动的方法,提出了一种改进的算法来构造跳频序列, 提出的算法不需要考虑与其他映射或者序列进行同步的问题,很大程度上缩减了迭代次数。仿真结果表明,提出的算法可以提供相关性更加优良的序列,且均匀性、平衡性上优于周期抽取比特重排算法,汉明相关性与理论参考值近似重合。     

叠加训练序列设计及其高效传输技术研究

采用训练序列与信息数据叠加的传输方案由于消除训练序列占用的频带开销而受到广泛关注。然而,如何高效的分离叠加信号是实现高效信道估计和可靠检测的基础。通过叠加周期训练序列,研究了基于数据依赖的叠加训练(DDST)方案的高效信道估计和检测方案。并结合信道编码技术,研究了编码条件下DDST方案与传统时分复用(TDM)方案的性能。仿真结果表明,在消除训练带宽开销的情况下,获得DDST方案与TDM的误码率基本保持一致。